My granddad who is in his 60s Essay

Childhood in its simplest term is defined as the period of time that a person is a child, for a something that sounds so simple childhood is an extremely complex concept. No-one’s childhood is ever the same, similar, yes! But our childhood experiences are unique. Affected by many factors such as; personal experiences, personality, restraints (money, rules, laws) , period born, place that we were born, gender etc†¦ . Childhood is understood to be social constructed, therefore the definition of an ‘ideal’ childhood never says the same for long even in the same society expectations of childhood is constantly evolving, circumstances change; new laws are passed, enhancements in science and technology, war all contribute to the social construction of childhood. It is thought as years have passed that the childhood has improved; more toys, more places to go, better education, entering a technological era, greater understanding of health, all are a part of the life we all now know. However, no matter how many toys, recent gadgets, new clothes a child is given is it really any consolation to the loss of quality time with their parents? Money does not grow on trees, and in recent years percentage of both parents having to work has increased dramatically, you are far less likely to see a stay at home mum but two working parents that won’t even be home by the time their children get home from school. It is said that children have become more independent? Partly I agree children do have to spend more time without the company and influence of their family, however, everything else is handed to them on a plate, children now no longer have to work for what they want but get given it as compensation by their parents who no longer have time for their children, does this really show childhood has improved? To investigate how the ideology of childhood has changed over the years, I interviewed my granddad who is in his 60’s, he began to explain how him and his siblings had a structured up bringing parents were strict but reasonable, they all respected each other and his father was the dominant in the household, they all knew there place. He lived in a 2 bedroom house; mum and dad in one room and him and his two brothers in another. Everything was basic, clothes where either second hand or more often than not hand me downs from his elder brother . Toys were not like they are now you had the choice of small figurines or marbles he’s favourite was a small teddy knitted by his mother. However, the majority of the time they entertained themselves by playing with the other children that lived on their street, he stated games are not what they are now you had to use your imagination and be social to have a good time, you could not just sit in front of a computer screen talk to your all friends. His mother was a stay at home mum, she was relied on to keep the house in order and make sure dinner was on the table as their father got in. Every night they would sit around the table to eat and be thankful for whatever they were given, he made it quite clear there was no snacking so you’d saver every last bit. He did go to school, it was small but education was taken seriously by all the students even though it was basic. He had his first job at the age of 16 and had to use the money he earned to buy himself the things he wanted, which taught him at a young age how important the concept of money is. Overall his memories as a child were extremely happy and family orientated. It is clear when comparing the information given in the interview, to the expectations of what childhood is meant to be like in the twenty-first century, peoples childhoods have changed significantly over the years. Although who is to say this change is for the better? Admittedly children now have a much better education and health care but is that really important when they are taken for granted by most. Even though we have progressed greatly in our understanding of science and technology, as well as being given a wider range opportunities and the freedom to express ourselves. We have lost what was once the most important parts of society and that’s family values, no longer is quality time thought of as important, in fact no one, not even children have time for it. Or do they? is the reason our children are so corrupt and confused, is it because they are begging for the attention of their parents who don’t have the time for them. It seems to me even children now are no longer brought in to this world because couples wanting a family but babies are just another step to having this materialistic ‘perfect’ life everyone is now striving for. I have been focusing on the stereotypical childhood of a child in a more economically developed country, I have concluded that childhood has both progressed in a positive as well as negative way. But what about in other countries? How have their children’s childhood changed? In Asia children are used as slave labourers, and for what exactly? To fulfil the wants of others in more economically developed countries. Children are taken away from their families and made to work in sweatshops to produce the materialistic possessions that apparently have improved other children’s childhood so greatly. Children in these countries are made to grow up so quickly that it can be said they have no childhood at all, they are seen to be young adults, they have to; provide for their family, work before they are even given a proper or any education, the eldest children are made to care for their younger siblings, becoming parents before they even have children of their own. Seems childhood is slowly disintegrating our corrupt and colluded world has forgotten about its children that now even the child protection laws are no longer abided by.

Juxtaposition in Henry IV Part 1 Essay

William Shakespeare’s Henry IV is about the reign of Henry IV, formerly known as Henry Bolingbroke. Here, King Henry is planning a crusade however, his kingship is experiencing a turmoil because of the rebellions against his leadership. It is a historical play that generally creates studies regarding its deals with socio-political issues. Several themes were tackled such as honor. Though it is an undisputed fact that honor is something equivocal, several attempts were still done in order to delineate it. Several characters on the play mentioned the word honor. As you read the play, you will get the various notions and actions of different characters about it. However, having all those different notions and actions were part of Shakespeare’s intention of revealing the irony of honor. In Shakespeare’s Henry IV, it shows that honor depends greatly on the individual’s personal aspirations and morals. It was significantly emphasized as he juxtaposed the characters of Harry, King Henry IV’s son, and Hotspur, the Earl of Northumberland’s son, both of whom are potential successors to the King. Harry’s character is commendable with his wit by concealing his true nature and identity. On his first soliloquy he expresses that though he spends most of his time with bad companions like the robbers, etc. , he is silently working on a political agenda. He has true values were in a way reflected as he reimbursed what his friends stole. He is just doing that in order to lower the people’s expectations from him so that when the right time arrives, he would astonish everyone as he unveils his true self. With that, he will be able to gain King Henry’s affection and the people’s admiration. According to Mabillard, Amanda, â€Å" Hal’s first soliloquy that this is merely an act, he is acutely aware of the bad company he keeps, but prefers to show his true colors when necessary, wisely concluding that because expectations of him are so low, his accomplishments when shown will shine that much brighter. † Harry also wished to be appraised due to his own efforts and principles and not because of the crown on his head. For him, a noble deed goes along with honor. However, his concept of honor was dubious when he deemed that he can budge Hotspur’s honor by killing him. His concept of honor was also probed because of the way he treats and put down his friend Falstaff. Mabillard also added that, â€Å"Hal’s envy of Hotspur suggests he is not completely confident, since Hal needs to compare himself to others. When called to fight the rebellion, Hal comes of age, shedding his apathetic ways, even enlisting Falstaff his thieving friend to fight, symbolic of Hal finally accepting and assuming responsibility for himself and others. † For the case of Hotspur, a military man with impulsive actions, honor connotes winning in battles and defending one’s reputation against all odds. Fallstaff, the character Harlittz regards as, a person who â€Å"†¦is represented as a liar, a braggart, a coward, a glutton, etc and yet we are not offended but delighted with him; for he is all these as much to amuse others as to gratify himself,† regarded Honor as something useless and wasted that does no one any good. Falstaff also juxtaposes honor with violence. For Henry IV however, honor means the good of his people and kingdom. He also believes that honor belonged to the rightful leader of the kingdom. This caused him the dilemma because of the way he was able to gain his current crown, usurping Richard II’s throne and plotting his death. Besides the essence of honor, the play also juxtaposes the society’s class differences and the play’s north- south theme. As Stuart Hampton- Reeves stated, â€Å"The York scenes are particularly significant, as they give a regional focus to the play in the north, in much the same way that, in 2 Henry VI, the Kentish rebellion of Jack Cade gives a southern regional focus. There is, in fact, a subtle north/south theme running through 3 Henry VI: the second line of the play pursues â€Å"the horseman of the north† and there are repeated references to north/south divisions. Here, the ESC got it wrong; the ESC portrayed the Yorkists as bluff northerners, and the Lancastrians as haughty southerners, but the play makes it clear several times that York’s power base is actually in the south, in Kent and London, whilst Henry, with the Duchy of Lancaster and the might of Northumberland, holds the North. Henry is defeated at St. Albans, in the south; York loses the next battle because he is isolated in the northern city of York. Battles take place around York, there are scenes in its castle, the Duke of York’s head is mounted on its walls,†¦Ã¢â‚¬  For the society’s class, the play also shows the upper class and the royalties as the story revolves on the palace. And the same time, it also shows the low class citizens such as the robbers, towns’ people, etc. at Boar’s Tavern. It also juxtaposes the characters of Henry IV and Falstaff as they act as mentor and father to Harry. Two men who are different in class, upbringing, virtue and principles are both playing the same role to Harry. Besides juxtaposition on the theme and characters, there were also several juxtapositions in terms of the scene. Just like in the ending of the play Richard II and the beginning of Henry IV’s part 1. Wherein, on Richard II’s ending, Henry is already proclaimed as the king and he is about to start his kinship. However, in the beginning of Henry IV, there is still the plan of Henry of having a crusade. As Mabillard noted, â€Å"While it is true that these men all have personal reasons for rebelling, we cannot help but think that there is divine guidance at work, fulfilling Richard’s prophesy, causing Henry’s reign to be tumultuous. The structure of the plays certainly supports this theory. Richard II died in 1400, and Shakespeare ends Richard II with Henry just beginning his reign. But at the start of Henry IV, Part I, it seems that no time has passed since the death of Richard. The excursion to the Holy Land is still in Henry’s mind, and the action seems to take up right where it left off in Richard II. † The scene wherein Harry and Hotspur will have their combat is take place next to the similar encounter between Douglas and Falstaff. However, the encounter between Harry and Hotspur is embellished with heroic talks and brave action and intense emotion while the encounter between Douglas and Fallstaff is embellished with talks about cowardice and full comic lines. Being a play that was written several years ago, and being based on a story that happened on the years 1402-1403, some might have the idea that using the same juxtaposition would cause the audience to feel alienated due to the huge time span. However, the political issues narrated on the play are still very much applicable at the present period. Just the like the different views on honor, usurping of power, and war among political leaders. That is why I consider Shakespeare’s works as timeless. Hampton-Reeves, Stuart. â€Å"Alarums and Defeats: Henry VI on Tour. † http://www. chass. utoronto. ca/emls/05-2/hampalar. htm Mabillard, Amanda. â€Å"Analysis of Shakespeare’s Sources for 1 Henry IV. † Shakespeare Online. 18 Aug. 2006. Hazlitt, William. Characters of Shakespeare’s Plays. London 1817.

OSHA Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

OSHA - Research Paper Example OSHA input in the working sector has seen the U.S employment doubled to over 130 million employees within the 7.2 or more worksites. The rate of recorded serious workplace illnesses and injuries has significantly dropped from10 per 100 employees in 1972 to about 3.5 per 100 employees in 2010. OSHA has a set of standards which cover the following cases: fall protection, asbestos, cotton dust, trenching, benzene, machine guarding, lead and blood borne pathogens. However, U.S still experiences many preventable fatalities and injuries linked to numerous hazards and unsafe condition that continue to exist within work places. This works serves to detail on OSHA fines, stricture and organization. Any individual operating in a construction or manufacturing industry should certainly be aware of Occupational Safety & Health Administration, or simply OSHA. OSHA exists to ensure safe working conditions as well as inform both the employer and employees, through citations, of the various regulations and standards that have supposedly been violated. It goes further to propose time limits for parties involved to correct the supposed hazards or, otherwise, they face the concomitant fines and penalties. Discussed below are some of the citations, penalties that they attract, and a case of Philadelphia building collapse where OSHA proposed some heavy fines to the responsible contractor (Hunter 12). In the event an OSHA officer discovers a violation that has a one to one linkage to job safety and health, but perhaps would not result to death or life-threatening physical harm, the maximum fine for this violation is $7000. Secondly, if the violation is significant to the extent that it may result to death or severe physical harm, and that the employer was aware of the violation, or should have been aware of the danger, the maximum proposed fine stands similar to the previous one at $7000. However, unlike the previous violation,

In Film Adaptations of Literary Texts, it is not Fidelity that is Essay

In Film Adaptations of Literary Texts, it is not Fidelity that is Important, but Authenticity and a Sense of Aura - Essay Example Film makers rush to purchase new novels that present some possibilities of adaptations. Film making is a risky and expensive business. A film based on a bestselling novel will surely attract a lot of buyers and will be a financial success. However, a close analysis of the existing film adaptations of literary texts prove that in film adaptations of literary texts it is not fidelity that is important, but authenticity and a sense of aura. Fidelity simply refers to the level of faithfulness, loyalty, or how accurate a copy is to its source. In film adaptations, it refers to the level of film’s faithfulness to the original text or to the degree of filmmaker’s faithfulness to the ideas and perceptions of the novel writer. Authenticity refers to devotion to, commitment to, or truthfulness of, origins. Just like in any other artwork, authenticity in film adaptations refers to inherent or original authority, genuineness of expression, sincerity and moral passion of the text wr iter that were conveyed in the film (Dutton 2003). This is called expressive authenticity. Nominal authenticity refers to the rightful identification of the author of a text, how closely the film performance conforms to the intentions of the text author or his or her artistic tradition. Giving a film a sense of aura means giving a story a better illumination or retelling it in an interesting way compared to the way it is originally presented. There are a bunch of reasons that make it worthwhile to focus on authenticity and the achievement of a sense of aura during film adaptations instead of maintaining a strict faithfulness to the original text. One of them is the need to avoid a monotonous repetition of a novel story. The audiences of the film already know the story in the novel very well, and thus there is no need for a complete duplication of everything in the novel. People may not be motivated to buy the film if it merely makes a one-to-one reproduction of the novel. An adaptat ion instead should de-emphasize elements of suspense in the story and concentrate on detail and phrasing. Making some changes during film adaptation is not only practically unavoidable, but also essential as mandated by medium and time constrains. Some film theorists argue that film directors should go ahead and produce a film without being concerned about the source at all. These theorists assert that a film is a film and a novel is a novel, and thus the two art works should be two separate entities. They also argue that the transcription of a literary text into a film is impossible, and trying to stick to the goal of accuracy is, therefore, absurd. Another group of film theorists argue that the role of film adaptation is to change a source to meet certain demands. In this case, a film adapted from a literary text should be accurate to the message, theme or the effect (aesthetical impact) of the source novel. However, the filmmaker must introduce a number of changes where necessary to ensure that the film maximizes faithfulness to the novel along one of the three axes (theme, message, or effect) and meets the demands of time. A filmmaker for, example, cannot make a direct replication of a novel written in the 18th or 19th centuries, because several social, economic, political, and cultural transformations have taken place in virtually all societies since then, so this should be partly reflected in

PLANNING FOR METROPOLITAN AREAS Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

PLANNING FOR METROPOLITAN AREAS - Term Paper Example It has turned into a platitude amongst many sustainability supporters that tall buildings are, by absolute benefit of the concreteness they offer, epitomes for sustainability. Concentration of these tall buildings in particular areas reflects three economic powers; for solitary use, or incomplete multiple-use office structures, housing towers occupied typically by affluent families and housing schemes created by the government (Jacobs 4-27). This sheds light on the advantages of acknowledging the advantages and interesting potentials of tall buildings, while laying grounds for measuring the common assumptions about the ecological benefits of tall buildings. Concentrated tall buildings which house the poor are governments’ projects, and they are not communally sustainable for families. Most of them have no correctable scheme imperfections, and exemplify inherent problems curtailing from isolation from the ground, and absence of eyes on the streets (Hoch 23-47). Thus, it is corr ect to state that these buildings are concentrated in particular areas, so that the correct architectural designed can block the view of those in need of adjustments (Jacobs 39-41). Another evidence for concentration of tall buildings is the efficient placement of people and their activities, which is vital in contemporary world due to ever increasing pressures from work, family and changing lifestyles (Hoch 54). In what ways might several small businesses on a street be preferable to one large one? What establishes a small business differs around the globe. Small businesses are generally privately possessed firms, conglomerates, or sole proprietorships. Big businesses have in history driven the economy, but small businesses have historically generated employment (Good, 17). According to scholars, small businesses contributed to two thirds of all net jobs summed between 1992 and 2007. Small businesses are able to bail out of the economy and spur innovation, particularly after period s of recession. In piercing contrast, big businesses drib their worker count, one in each three employees and these big businesses usually seem to be in austere cash flow problems by the end of the fiscal year. Small businesses persist because of diverse reasons, which highlight the importance of these many businesses on a street instead of one big business. They are willing to accommodate both full time and part time staffs, because taxes on their income do not intimidate their cash flow as opposed to bigger firms. Availability of community banks, which have traditionally focused on small businesses, is another factor, because reduction of small businesses on streets will automatically necessitate decline in community banks, which hold a significant position in the progression of United States economy over time (Good 23-36). Consumer spending at low levels is another reasonable condition for location of these smaller businesses on a street. This is because to a growing economy, mar ket place is critical for different level of income groups, without which a sustained economic expansion will not be achievable. As a result, these small businesses serve as a critical bridge for government involvement in the economy, by creating conducive environment for the all citizens, and bridges the gap between big businesses and varying political swings which causes

China, India and Japan all face significant challenges with regard to Essay

China, India and Japan all face significant challenges with regard to their technological capabilities. What are these challenges and how likely are they to be overcome over the following two decades - Essay Example As such, both China and India need to invest more on R&D to compete at the same level with the developed countries in the next two decades. Conversely, while Japan’s technological capabilities are more advanced compared to China and India, Japan faces a challenge because of its protectionist policies. These policies impact negatively on Japan’s cooperation with other countries in terms of sharing knowledge. In addition, the country is faced with an aging population and thus; there is need for the country to access human capital abroad. This means that, Japan has to open up to the outside world by embracing trade liberalisation (Norma & Danny 2002, p.36). This paper examines the significant challenges faced by China, India and Japan with regard to their technological capabilities. As an emerging economy, the technological capability of China requires a focus on innovations. However, it is emerging that both the state and private sector is not aggressive in terms of improving innovations. A lack of a focus on basic research is an impediment to China’s technological capabilities. Most business enterprises in China do not engage in basic research, and this leads to imitation of foreign products. The country further has a weak system for managing rights related to intellectual property. This creates a situation where piracy is rampant in china, and impacts negatively on the country’s technological capabilities (Andrew 2005, p.16). On another note, since SMEs plays a critical role in advancing innovations, China faces a challenge in the sense that, their SMEs lack adequate funds and human resources to carry out large scale innovations. While China boasts of cheap labour, this is detrimental to its technology in the sense that, this leads to the production of poor quality products that is sold cheaply in the global market. As a result of the rising costs of production

Services in Your Area Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Services in Your Area - Assignment Example The home depicted in the above illustration can be represented as the cable organizations i.e. AT&T and Motorola which provides their respective services with the help of a router and a link is created with the help of a cable. By this way, the connectivity gets transmitted to a fiber node, thereby providing connections to home computers and telephones (LChu.net, n.d). Comparison and Evaluation of the Speed of DSL of AT & T and Cable Modem of Motorola In terms of speed, AT&T is regarded as one of the fastest providers of internet in the respective industry. The DSL service of the company has been viewed to deliver high speed that ranges from 200 Kbps -768 Kbps and even goes to 18.1 Mbps -24 Mbps (AT&T Intellectual Property, 2013). However, the cable modems of Motorola helps in delivering high speed data that offers the option of sharing a single data plan between multiple computers. Its data plans are used for delivering voice as well as data services. However, Motorola’s cabl e modems can fetch a speed of 38 Mbps which is far impressive as compared to the DSL of AT&T (Motorola Mobility LLC, 2013). Comparison and Evaluation of the Cost of DSL of AT & T and Cable Modem of Motorola After making a thorough comparison between the costs of DSL and cable modem of AT&T and Motorola respectively, it can be apparently observed that the price range of cable modems of Motorola is quite high. But, on the other hand, the cost of DSL’s belonging to AT&T is not so much high as compared to Motorola. A high quality wireless based cable modem of Motorola costs around 100 Dollars, whereas, most of the DSL’s of AT&T costs less than 50 Dollars which holds Motorola in a very high position in terms of pricing of the products (AT&T Intellectual Property, 2013). Comparison and Evaluation of the Reliability of DSL of AT & T and Cable Modem of Motorola In terms of reliability, both the products seem to deliver customer oriented services However, the services which del iver by Motorola are quite user-friendly and most significantly different options are provided for trouble shooting and diagnosing any sort of problem related to connectivity. In addition, the company also provides facilities for remote configuration of the devices. In comparison, AT&T also delivers services that are well suited with the convenience as well as the preferences of the customers. It has been viewed that the products of AT&T generally allows the multiple users to access the devices from different locations. Moreover, the DSL service which provides by the company enables to establish a strong collaboration within the employees by ensuring proper connection among them through incorporating wide range of connectivity. The services of the company are supported by global infrastructure of Internet Protocol which ensures proper reach to the consumers along with high performance and total security (AT&T Intellectual Property, 2013). Recommendations Based on the services that p rovides by both the companies, it can be recommended that Motorola must opt for making cable modems that best suits the preferences as well as the requirements of the consumers. The company can lower down the costs of its service i.e. cable modems in order to increase its profitability along with overall productivity. On the other hand, AT&T can follow extended efforts for making its DSL service more reliable, trustworthy as well as customized. However, the

The Theory of Population Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Theory of Population - Assignment Example The term population cohort is even recognized as population pyramid and this concept forwards the notion that a particular population comprises of organisms that are similar in nature and interbreed in a particular area. The theory states that population changes in three different stages including the growth stage in which population experiences an increase as a result of abundant sources for nutrition and low competition for those sources. The second stage is the stability stage in which population growth increases at a stable rate because of the decrease in resources and increase in competition. The third stage is the decline in which the population growth decreases as a result of lack of resources and ultimately the population comes to an end. The term Islam is used to refer to the submission to what the God wills. This means that the believers in the religion of Islam give precedence to the God’s will over their own will in various endeavors of their life including daily activities, believes and ideas. The term Muslim is used to refer to an individual who follows the religion of Islam and is an individual who has surrendered himself to their God called Allah. This means that a Muslim is an individual who has given himself in the hands of God and has allowed God to decide what the individual should and should not do. The religion of Islam is based on five pillars that every Muslim has to accept and abide by. These pillars include the belief that there is no other God in this world except Allah. Furthermore, a believer has to worship Allah five times a day while facing towards Mecca. A believer even has to share his earnings with others in the form of charity and observe fast during the holy month of Ramadan. Lastly, a believer who has the physical, as well as monetary ability, should visit Mecca as a form of pilgrimage.

Essay of the laramie project Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Of the laramie project - Essay Example The violent crime against Shepard has become a symbol of violence experienced by bisexual, lesbians, transgender and gay people. Two themes, hate the sin, but love the sinner and live and let live emerges in The Laramie Project. The research herein investigates the incidences and various problems that the gay individuals have undergone overtime. It intends discourage the act through the brutal and unfair acts for the realization of a peaceful society. However, in The Laramie Project, some residents of Laramie, Wyoming repeat two themes, â€Å"hate the sin, but show love to the sinner†, live, and let live. The repetition is because of the residents attitudes directed to gay residents. It is imperative to explore the two themes for examining their history and meaning with the current debate concerning the lifestyle of gay individuals in the United States. Let us begin with the theme, â€Å"hate the sin, but love the sinner†. â€Å"Hate the Sinful acts but Love the offender," it has always been mistaken as Jesus Christ saying it, but the fact is Mahatma Gandhi mentioned it several times. This phrase is what now people famously refer to â€Å"hate the sin, but love the sinner† and was quoted many times from Mahatma Gandhi autobiography. Some individuals point out to this theme to provide themselves unlimited permission, or even an obligation, to hate sin in other individuals. In The Laramie Project play, the Rev erend’s comment was saying indirectly that Matthew in his lifestyle â€Å"sinned† (Kaufman 27) by becoming a gay. The Reverend wrongly believed that Matthew hoped that when he was falling into a state of comatose, he was thinking about how he would change his gay sexual preference or attitude. In addition, the Reverends comment insinuated that Matthews sorry situation was because of the beating he received (Kaufman 65-66). In saying this, he wanted people in Laramie to understand that he loved

Ibrahim Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Ibrahim - Essay Example For instance, to prove his sanity he says, â€Å"Hearken! And observe how healthily -- how calmly I can tell you the whole story† (Allan 1). He goes ahead and manages to narrate chronologically of all the week’s activities until the last day when he murdered the old man. The evidence of man’s sanity is also evident in the way he successfully concealed murder though eventually nervousness betrayed him, which he had revealed to the reader at the onset of the account (Allan 1). He said, â€Å"TRUE! Nervous very, very dreadfully nervous I had been and am; but why will you say that I am mad?† (Allan 1). Despite the persona claiming to be sane, his action of murdering the innocent old man is peculiar. Since, a sane person guided by both moral and natural law cannot dare to kill without provoked by either anger or enmity towards the victim. It is also inconceivable how the persona kept on going to the old man’s house during the night and failed to carry ou t his mission initially. This is insanity because the murderer does not know his mission while in the old man’s house because he would have killed him before. His argument concerning how he managed to coax the police probably is due to his character, which he might have developed before the onset of his insanity. In addition, the thought of dismembering the old man and burying him in the house proves his insanity (Allan 4). Since, a sane person would have opted to burry the corpse far from the crime’s scene. Democracy Democracy is a form of regime where entitled citizens despite their varying identities have say regarding all the matters touching their lives (Sorensen 10). This is via contributing during policymaking or in other forums whose core purpose entails devising laws that will govern them and ensure harmony (Ampikaipakan). These laws act as tools meant for regulating affairs of any given state or association of people with an intention of reducing power excess es that may tend to elevate some citizens and degrade others (Christiano 85). It also entails ensuring those in authority put there by the majority be accountable for their actions and deliver as necessitated without any segregation (Solon 11). According to Solon, this is only achievable through encouraging or mobilizing the public to vote in all levels with an intention of coming up with a collective decision (Solon 11). Hence, shun possibility of few tyrannies that might take advantage of the citizens’ ignorance or lack of involvement and impose their autocratic statutes (Solon 11). However, numerous scholars have emerged with differing arguments regarding democracy and its quality (Altman 38). For instance, Atman in his study argues that, democracy is not including or considering the preferences of each person while devising policies but grounding it as necessitated (Altman 39). Since, grounding or ensuring real actualization is what determines both democracy’s qual ity and type in a state where diverse people inhabit. This is via promoting equality and protection of each person's privileges, which is beyond the â€Å"mere cosmetic† of casting a vote (McGann 89). Since, voting cannot be a gauging tool meant to gauge a state’s democracy if those in authority cannot implement them as per the law (Patterson 9). E.I. duPont deNemours & Company, Inc. v. Rolfe Christopher. 431 F.2d 1012; 1970 U.S. App. LEXIS 8091; 167

Encountering Conflict Essay Example for Free

Encountering Conflict Essay Encountering Conflict Conflict can both crush people and inspire people to greater heights. Conflict presents itself in various forms; it can occur in different places, can be intentional or unexpected and affect people in diverse ways. To survive people then need to develop coping mechanisms to overcome or at least begin their Journey of recovery. If they cannot do this, then they will not be able to move on. Conflict is a subject that everyone in the world faces on a day to day basis, but at different levels and emotions. Conflict can be exceptionally heart wrenching, by tearing people and amilies apart. But these wounds motivate many inspiring people who then make a difference. Conflict is a part of life; it cannot be avoided or put on hold. People from all around the world deal with conflict, in various ways and it affects people to a different extent. Throughout life, people may experience many conflicting situations, some are built by little ongoing problems, some explode and are left to dissolve, others are blown apart the pieces scattered, never to be put back together again. Conflict has been exposed and expressed in many films, novels and songs over the ears. The documentary Omagh by Pete Travis is an example of the devastation that conflict can wreck on lives. The film explains how conflict can affect innocent lives. For hundreds of years there has been tension between the Catholic Irish and Protestant English. This began as Ireland divided as a country due to religion but the tension increased with British interference in Northern Ireland. The documentary focuses on one specific event within the conflict which was the bombing in the Omagh high street. This caused 29 deaths and 220 injuries, of innocent people. The result left amilies crushed, broken hearted and dealing with their own conflict for a long time. The root of this devastation was religion; the Catholic Irish and Protestant English have fought for many years. Ironically the purpose of religion is to create peace, where as in Omagh it was the primary cause and branch of all the conflict. A very similar ongoing religious conflict is the fight for homeland between the Jewish and Zions (Israel and Palestinians conflict). The Jewish were sent from Israeli homelands many hundreds of years ago, but since have suffered persecution in Europe and now ish to return to their religious homeland of Israel. This however has been met with aggression by Palestinians and the Arab nations who now inhabit the area. Like the tension in Northern Ireland, peace is a long and painful patch to find. Conflict that has dwelled upon innocent lives has an impact on others who believe it should be brought to Justice. 1. 2 the Irish band wrote a song to express their feelings of their anger in response to the devastation in Omagh. One verse that stands out is: And the battles Just begun Theres many lost, but tell me who has won The trench is dug within our hearts And mothers, children, brothers, sisters torn apart. This particular verse links with the concept that conflict can devastate innocent people and their families, which are then being torn apart by the religion and also politicians in Omagh they did nothing. Thus people, like 132, stand up so hopefully the politicians can see that the conflict that has happened is still wounding many people lives, and that only they can bring it to Justice. So, conflict is a piece of everyones lives, even though you may shun conflict, it can come up unexpectedly. Omagh is an example of how conflict can be unexpected and totally crush lives. Conflict can also inspire people to create better lives for themselves and those around them. Kate Miller-Heidke wrote the song Caught in Crowd about a real story of lingering childhood regret. She wanted to raise awareness to people across the world, especially adolescents, of how bullying and peer pressure are causes of conflict. The song is about a relationship growing between a teenage girl and an outcast boy who is often bullied. It discusses how both had similarities, for example they both dealt ith conflict at home. Towards the end it talks about the boy getting thrown to the ground and him shouting out to her to help him. But she turned her back, and Just walked away. Kate Miller-Heidke encountered conflict and regrets the decision she made. Now she is motivated to make sure people of the younger generation do not make the same decision she made. Like Kate Miller- Heidke, Michael Gallagher, the father of Aidan Gallagher who was killed in the Omagh bombing wanted create a more satisfying life for himself, but also wanted to raise awareness that murders ere not being brought to Justice. He set up an Omagh Support and Self Help Group, which since 1998 have not stopped their fght. They have protested outside IRA meetings, written to the English Prime Minister and have talked to numerous newspapers but nothing has happened in relation towards the terrorist. In 2002, Michael Gallagher stated what happened in Omagh is still capable of happening in other towns. Because of him he has taught the world many lessons; the most important is never to give up on a Just cause Traumatic conflict can motivate people o immense heights, which can make an inspiring difference to our world today. Like Michael Gallagher, Glen McGrath lost a loved one and has not stopped fighting for what he believes in since his personal conflict. His wife, Jane was diagnosed with breast cancer. Jane McGrath had a passionate belief that every woman diagnosed with breast cancer in Australia should be able to benefit from the support of a specialist breast care nurse. Therefore, together they started up the McGrath Foundation in 2002. An additional aim of the project was to increase the awareness f breast cancer in younger women. Jane passed away at the age of 41 . Glen McGrath is more determined and devoted to the McGrath foundation by the inspiration of his loving wife. This proves that conflict can really touch people which motivates them to make a change, encouraging them to greater heights. These people have so much strength, their experiences power them on. Encountering painful conflict can bring out the best in people such as the old saying What doesnt kill us makes us stronger suggests people acknowledge they ave made a difference in the world and become satisfied. This is the beginning to the start of their Journey to recovery or acceptance. In the movie Omagh, Michael Gallagher, his wife and two daughters have not stopped fghting for the loss of their son, who was killed in the bombing. This tragedy caused conflict between the family, but they have learnt that they need to stick together to succeed their mission of family close, them standing up for what they believe in has helped them start their journey of recovery with each other. Another inspiration for making something out of terrible situation is in the novel Triage by Scott Anderson, the character Joaquin Morales managed to escape his village that was invaded. Joaquin lost his family dealing with the conflict of losing his family and survivors guilt. Joaquin become a psychologist for war criminals, hoping to change them and make them realise what monstrosities they caused. This would save many lives and hopefully bring peace to Spain. This experience helped Joaquin to begin his Journey of acceptance of what had happen to him. Joaquin quoted Im still here. Im still smiling meaning that he has learnt to live with himself after encountering conflict, which motivated him in saving many lives. Conflict is a subject that everyone in the world deals with everyday, from light issues to vigorous intensities. Conflict is incredibly powerful, it can tear people apart but it also brings the best out of many inspirational humans. Conflict can motivate people to extreme lengths which can make a huge difference in the world. These differences also help the individual to deal and maybe even overcome their own conflict.

Socrates Argument That Virtue Is Wisdom Philosophy Essay

Socrates Argument That Virtue Is Wisdom Philosophy Essay Socrates claimed that virtue is knowledge. He identifies that two terms as being identical (Reshotko, 2006). Virtue is knowledge and knowledge is virtue. There are two claims which help make sense on the claim of Socrates that knowledge is virtue. These are those which relate to the understanding of what is good and how it gives people advantage, and what is evil and how creates harm to people. The default perception of people is to always go for that which they believe will give them an advantage and not cause any harm. It is therefore not knowledge alone but that which is knowledge of the good. Knowledge is therefore necessary for one to be able to live their lives in virtue. Humans have the freedom to do whatever they want. It is present to the extent that a person takes control of his life, makes decisions of his own and lives his life in whatever way he wants to. The presence of freedom gives one also the freedom to choose which he bases on his thoughts. When we have the knowledge of things and awareness of the things around us, we can choose what we think is right or beneficial for us. Knowledge gives us the freedom to choose which is right and wrong, which is bad and good. And by this knowledge and the exercise of our freedoms, we choose those which are good and beneficial, giving us lives living in virtue. An examination of things that benefit humans are given in the discussion; and these things are health, strength, beauty and wealth. These are the things that humans consider as beneficial, yet such is not absolute since these are also things that can harm humans. They are viewed as good if it leads to happiness and viewed as bad if it leads to harm (Reshotko, 2006). These are different types of human experiences since most peopleà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s lives are caught in things that have little or no importance to those that are of extreme importance. These experiences are viewed differently from people to people. Same way as these experiences are looked at as bad or good. Say for instance, you taste coffee. We feel the enjoyment there but such is not lasting and may only be for a few seconds or minutes. However pleasant such a taste or experience may be, it is in no way a significant part of every personà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s lives. Something that is valuable for only a few minutes is not really valuable and does not deserve serious concern. There are qualities of the soul and these are moderation, justice, courage, intelligence, memory, munificence, and all such things. Humans think and act toward things which they deem are good for them. Religion as a particular part of humansà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ lives can be very influential in providing people with what is right and wrong and also with an image of how they view themselves and others. The fact of one being virtuous comes from the fact of knowing something as being good or bad. Knowledge of someone in choosing what is right or wrong, bad or good necessarily arises from the fact also that one is living a life that is virtuous. Many examples of living in virtuous state could be given. These virtuous instances are all anchored on beauty or seeing something good in what they do. The painter who paints something beautiful lives in the eternity of that beauty in his painting. The scientist who devotes his life to finding meaning in things lives in the eternity of that meaning. The mother who gives herself to take care of her family with love is an instance where that is what is perceived as good and thus choice to do that comes from that knowledge. We admire heroes, for instance, and all those who have lived their lives in high ideals. We sense meaning in the lives of these people. This shows that to desire beautiful things is to desire good things (Denise, et al, 2007). It is true that there are some people also who desire bad things. The reason may be because they believe such are good things or the reason could be because they desire such things to be good even if they are aware that they are not. But those who desire good things have not lived for the sake of satisfactions and pleasures which are in passing only but they have lost themselves in values, living in virtue through knowledge, which will always be remembered forever. Society provides man with a language and ways of expressing oneself and it is in terms of that language that man is able to communicate and assert his values, desires and ideals. Through this, we can see whether a person is living life in virtue or not. We cannot delve into his unconscious and what he thinks, but such is acted out into reality by what we see. If we see someone is virtuous, such therefore comes from knowledge of what is good and what is bad. But the argument is not to the extent that it is all knowledge that is needed for one to have virtue. Practical knowledge is being referred to in this case. As Socrates put it, to know the good is to know how to live well, how to bring it about that oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s soul properly cared for (Denise, et al, 2007). Knowledge is necessary but not what is all important. Thus, as Socrates correctly argued, knowledge is virtue and virtue is knowledge. They co-exist and depend on each other. One is not what it is if not for the othe r. Knowledge comes from the fact of being virtuous. Virtue arises from the fact of knowing what is good and evil

Change On Food Production Environmental Sciences Essay

Change On Food Production Environmental Sciences Essay Agriculture is highly dependent on specific climate conditions. Moderate warming and appropriate carbon dioxide in the atmosphere may help plants to grow faster. But more severe climate change such as global warming, floods, drought, and hail may reduce yields. According the survey, from 1981 to 1990, the average global temperature has increased 0.48  °C than 100 years ago. If greenhouse gas emissions continue the warming will also continue, with temperatures projected to increase by 1.4  °C to 5.8  °C between 1990 and 2100. (Richardson et al. 2011) Increases in temperature and carbon dioxide (CO2) can be beneficial for some crops in some places. But to realize these benefits, nutrient levels, soil moisture, water availability, and other conditions must also be met. Higher CO2 levels can increase yields. The yields for some crops, like wheat and soybeans, could increase by 30% or more under a doubling of CO2 concentrations. The yields for other crops, such as corn, exhibit a mu ch smaller response (less than 10% increase). However, some factors may counteract these potential increases in yield. For example, if temperature exceeds a crops optimal level or if sufficient water and nutrients are not available, yield increases may be reduced or reversed. Crops grown in the United States are critical for the food supply here and around the world. U.S. exports supply more than 30% of all wheat, corn, and rice on the global market. Changes in temperature, amount of carbon dioxide (CO2), and the frequency and intensity of extreme weather could have significant impacts on crop yields. Warmer temperatures may make many crops grow more quickly, but warmer temperatures could also reduce yields. Crops tend to grow faster in warmer conditions. However, for some crops (such as grains), faster growth reduces the amount of time that seeds have to grow and mature. This can reduce yields (i.e., the amount of crop produced from a given amount of land). (EPA 2012) All the problem need to have fast and effective ways to be solve well. In the text will talk other country use what solution to decre ase the damage and to protect the crop. Global warming has a serious impact on agricultural production, according to the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) research report pointed out the vulnerability of agriculture to climate warming performance of consumption in the worlds largest of several major varieties of grain, wheat, cereal, corn and rice are particularly sensitive to high temperature, decreased production will cause food shortages. (CGIAR 2012) World Agro forestry Centre chief ecologist Dr. Lewis à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Will Carter report pointed out that the impact of climate change on agriculture in developing countries, for example, Chinas agricultural production, the main crops are rice, wheat and corn, warming irrigated and rain-fed spring wheat production decreased by 17.7% and 31.4%, respectively, the average corn production will cut 3% -7%; (Chiras 2012) warming will accelerate microbial decomposition of soil organic matter, resulting in the decline of soil fertility, implementatio n of the pesticide will increase and extend the crop growing season, so that not only increase agricultural costs, and affect the safety of the food. (Cline 2007) Solution: straw technology is a stimulation of soil fertility, not only put an end to the air pollution caused by straw burning, and fattening yield beneficial to help improve its agricultural production. Warming mainly due to the atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases (CO2, CH4, and N2O) concentration increased CO2 is the main greenhouse gas, straw as a carrier material, energy and nutrients, is a valuable natural resource, straw is the straw is not directly feed directly or accumulation composting facilities into the soil in a way, the use of straw technology can improve soil properties, accelerated adobe aging and improve soil fertility by affecting soil microbial biomass and microbial communities, and changes in soil physical and chemical properties, such as the many ways to increase the intensity of soil respiration, thereby increasing soil carbon dioxide emissions, and can direct compensation the consumption potential fertility of the soil, the biological cycle accelera ted soil material to promote the growth of beneficial microorganisms in the soil improve nutrient supply conditions to promote the increase of soil organic matter and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other content, improve soil moisture holding capacity, boosting crop resistance. On the other hand, the mechanization of straw including straw chopper compiled pressure to field a variety of forms, the whole rod feature is convenient, fast, low-cost and large area of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹soil fertility advantage; it has been one of the more mature technologies. (Meng et al. 2008) After 1760s Industrial Revolution, release more carbon dioxide, resulting in melting snow to make more floods and influence food production. For example Yangtze river is the highest frequency of floods in China, one of the infestation of serious natural disasters, (Wanfang Data 2012) so for solving the problem there are two ways, reducing carbon footprint and construct dam in the Crop-growing areas, use the reservoir to control flood. (Luo 2002) So for reducing carbon footprint, first is China government encourage factories to emission gas after Purification of carbon dioxide, second is government investment research new energy. If carbon footprint can reduce success, may not have too many floods and food production will increase. For preventing to reduce food production from floods, China government built Three Gorges Project from 1994 for protect the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River , although Three Gorges Project has Flood control, power generation and shipping, inclu ding flood control, are considered the core benefits of the Three Gorges Project. So make sure protect Crop-growing areas. (Baidu 2012) When the climate change ,it also make the drought Frequent occurrence, a lot of Crop-growing areas food production sudden reduce, people can increase food production for solving the problem , and there is a scientist did very well in this, he created a new kind of rice, Yuan Longping, Studied of hybrid rice technology from 1964, three lines supporting in 1973, bred the first hybrid rice South High Yielding Combinations excellent No. 2 in 1974, developed in 1975, the success of hybrid rice cultivation technology for the large scale hybrid rice laid the foundation.  ¼Ã‹â€ Zhuang 2008 ¼Ã¢â‚¬ ° For increasing food production we need to promote the cultivation of Yuan Longping hybrid rice. Yuan Longping went to eight countries recent years including the Philippines, the United States, Japan, France, Britain, Italy, Egypt, Australia, has been invited to give lectures, teach techniques, participate in academic conferences or technical cooperation and research international academic acti vities 19 times. Hybrid rice go to the world, the United States, Japan, the Philippines, Brazil, Argentina and more than 100 countries have introduced hybrid rice and we need do better. (CCTV News 2012 ¼Ã¢â‚¬ ° Internationally, the effects of climate change on agriculture and food production are likely to be similar to those seen in the United States and China. The effects of climate change also need to be considered along with other evolving factors that affect agricultural production, such as changes in farming practices and technology. As the reader understanding from the text, some solutions and create ways are from experts, but not all of the famers have high education and high skill to save the low food production because of climate change. Many farmers because there wasnt enough agricultural knowledge lead to reduce the number of crop production. Such as China, Farmers average education by lack of fixed number of year 7 years. In nearly 490 million rural labor force, the primary school culture degree and illiteracy semiliterate accounts for 40.31%, the junior middle school culture degree of 48.01%, high school culture degree of 9.7%, technical secondary school culture degree 2%, abov e college culture level accounted for only 0.52%. (Dong et al. 2006) If can not improve the education quality of famers that will effects the agriculture development. These phenomena get the attention of the government. A lot of local agriculture bureau has begun to action, they launch a training course teach farmers better cultivation of food, and also answer famers question about plant the crop. The agriculture bureau also distribution of free technology books to farmers about pollution-free vegetables cultivation and the quality and safety of agriculture products. Through the training, improve the farmers science and technology quality, training they rely on science and technology to increase food production. The government also hope famers use their new knowledge to create the new varieties can grow up in the different climate, and overcome the severe environment change to make food production problems to minimum. (HNXNC 2012)

Public Schools :: essays research papers

When Americans' think of education, they almost automatically think of public education. Through the years the idea home schooling is slowly changing. Many parents today are deciding to home school their children. Although most people think that a public education is better, most statistics and facts tend to show that home schooling is beneficial in more ways. It is estimated that parents are now teaching over two million children at home, rather than in public or even private schools. The idea of public education has been debated for years. Students are being faced with so much violence and crime in today's public school systems, that parents are forced to find a suitable alternative. In the past few years, home schooling has had a tremendous rise and has proved to be very successful in providing effective education. In the following paper, I intend to argue that home schooling is a successful educational reform when the child and parent work together to achieve academic excellence. Education in public schools has been on the criticized for many years. Parents now feel that their kids are in danger because of the crime, peer pressure, and violence at school. Teen pregnancies, teen sexual diseases, teen suicides, teen alcohol, drug abuse, pornography, and illiteracy rates abruptly increased 200 to 300 percent (Klicka 48). Violence is one of the main factors effecting are schools today. Rape is a growing problem among juveniles. A juvenile commits one out of every five rapes that occur in the United States. There is also a higher use of drugs and alcohol among kids in public schools. Over 80 percent of public high school students drink alcohol and 45.7 percent have used marijuana. Drugs and alcohol make most people extremely violent. That is also why our violence and crime rates are so high. Over hundreds of millions of dollars are spend on the security of our nation's public schools. In The Right Choice Home Schooling, Christopher Klicka says, "In Washington, D.C., drugs and violence were such a problem in one Elementary school, that the principal banned regular recess, and the children are only allowed to play outside in a pit enclosed by eight-foot concrete walls, or on a small section of playground monitored by the police (Klicka 51)." The disciplinary problems of children usually start even before they reach public school. In the last ten years, research shows that infants raised in daycare "are more prone to behavioral problems as young

Strabismus Essay -- Biology Essays Research Papers

Strabismus A camera lens focuses patterns of light onto film which records the image exactly. If the lens is out of focus or partially covered, a b lurry or obscured picture will result. The film is a recording device, it does not interpret and select what it portrays. Images from a camera are objective in a very literal sense. Seeing, however, is not such a seamless process. Our eyes work similarly to a camera in that they have a lens which focuses a real image on our retina, a light sensitive sheet of cells. This retinal image is a portrayal of the world as it truly is. The image which we see, however, is not this image. By considering a normal vis ual property as well as an uncommon ocular disorder the process of formulating our visual sense will be investigated. There is a difference between the picture recorded on film and that recorded by our brains. For purposes of this paper, the term "retina l image" is used as an analogy to a photographic image (one without interpretation by the brain ). The phrase "brain image" refers to the retinal image post-brain interpretation. The brain image is the image which would be described by the person, the imag e which is thought of as seeing. This phenomena of brain interpretation is easily demonstrated by discovering one's blind spot. (A good self experiment is described at 1) The blind spot results from an area of the retina which does n ot have photoreceptor nerve cells, the optic nerve head. Yet, even without this seemingly vital information, the brain is able to supply us with a complete brain image. The brain has filled in the blind spot with an image which it believes makes sense. Ha ving explored the blind spot, one can understand that what is captured in the brain image m... ...have been ignored is forced to develop. Adult onset strabismus, however, results in double vision because the brain can not simply ignore the one image that does not make sense. This type of strabismus can not be treated with patching, as their brains have already developed a patte rn which uses both eyes to comprise the brain image. (4) (5) This exploration of strabismus has shown that the brain is a very active participant in determining our perception of the world around us. Visual informati on received by the eye is only part of the story, the brain takes these images and selects what is useful, discarding (strabismus) as well as adding (blind spot) information, thus, constructing our visual experience. Internet Sources: http://serendip.brynmawr.edu/bb/blindspot1.html http://www.hhmi.org/senses/b410.html http://www.seekwellness.com/index.htm

Critical Analysis of an Incident in a Clinical Setting :: Reflection Upon Nursing Skills

The purpose of this essay is to reflect and critically study an incident from a clinical setting whilst using a model of reflection. This will allow me to analyse and make sense of the incident and draw conclusions relating to personal learning outcomes. The significance of critical analysis and critical incidents will briefly be discussed followed by the process of reflection using the chosen model. The incident will then be described and analysed and the people involved introduced. (The names of the people involved have been changed to protect their privacy) and then I will examine issues raised in light of the recent literature relating to the incident. My essay will include a discussion of communication, interpersonal skills used in the incident, and finally evidence based practice. I will conclude with explaining what I have learned from the experience and how it will change my future actions. In accordance with the 2002 Nursing and Midwifery Council, the clients' details and placement setting has not been disclosed in order to maintain confidentiality. Critical incidents are snapshots of something that happens to a patient, their family or nurse. It may be something positive, or it could be a situation where someone has suffered in some way (Rich & Parker 2001). Reflection and analysis of critical incidents is widely regarded as a valuable learning tool for nurses. The practice requires us to explore our actions and feelings and examine evidence-based literature, thus bridging the gap between theory and practice (Bailey 1995). It also affords us the opportunity of changing our way of thinking or practicing, for when we reflect on an incident we can learn valuable lessons from what did and did not work. In this way we develop self-awareness and skills in critical thinking and problem solving (Rich & Parker 2001). Critical incidents ??? "To be self aware is to be conscious of one's character, including beliefs, values, qualities, strengths and limitation. It is about knowing oneself" (Burnard 1992). I am going to use Gibbs (1988) Reflective Cycle. This because Gibbs is clear and precise allowing for description, analysis and evaluation of the experience helping the reflective practitioner to make sense of experiences and examine their practice. Taking action is the key; Gibbs prompts to formulate an action plan. This enables the reflective practitioner to look at their practice and see what they would change in the future, how they would develop/improve their practice. Gibbs (1988) consists of six stages to complete one cycle which is able to improve my nursing practice continuously and learning from the experience for better practice in the future.

High School Experience Essay

When you start a new school or a new grade you never know what to expect, all different types of emotions are running through your head sometimes that could be stress. When I started high school, I didn’t know what to do, I was the â€Å"new† kid on the block. I had to try and be outgoing and meet new people. My freshman year my priorities were not right, the last thing on my mind were my grades, my first goal was to make friends, and make them quick I couldn’t stand the feeling of not knowing people, that’s when my grades started to drop and it was very difficult to bring them back up. People say that high school is going to be the best four years of your life and being that I’m a senior, I would have to agree. These last three years has been awesome. My personality hasn’t changed; I’m still a carefree girl, just with a little more wisdom and a lot more strength. I started off school with a horrible attitude because my parents sent me to a different school. They sent me to a school where I knew about two people, I was so angry at my parents. Read more: My high school life essay Sometimes I had the thought that maybe if I failed on purpose that would probably move me to the school of my choice, Bryan Adams High School, but that didn’t work out well, all that did was get me into trouble. High school experiences are helpful for the development from a child to a young adult. Students grow together and experience the good the bad and learn from one another. Some make new friends, some loose friends and that’s just life. The last day of my high school years is fast approaching and I can only imagine how I’ll be feeling when I step out of Skyline High School. Throughout these three years, I have felt a lot of urgency about graduating high school, just wondering how it is in the â€Å"Real World†? My parents always told me to be a kid and have fun because my time will be coming, I never really thought that through but now that I’m getting older I realize it’s much easier to be a kid you don’t have to worry about many things. The only thing I can say is that I have learned. The most important thing is that, not just that I had learned through the books, but I have learned about life and the road ahead of me. From being an inexperienced freshman to a somewhat mature junior, and now a excited senior, things have really changed for me. I will leave high school as a knowledgeable senior, knowing that there are many dangers to come upon in the real world. Really, I do not know what the world out there holds for me, all I can do is enter it with a open mind and hope for the best with a positive attitude.

Blank HELB form

In the event that the loaned discontinues studies for whichever reason before full disbursement is made, the Board shall not disburse the remaining allocation and shall recall the loan so far as advanced in full together with the interest thereon. . The Board shall electronically, through the website, send to each loaned annual statement indicating the amount disbursed per each academic year or the outstanding balance as the case may be. The sums of the amount indicated in the statements shall form the principal loan to be recovered from the loaned.The contents of the statements shall be deemed to be correct unless a written complaint to the contrary is received by the Board within three (3) months from the date of the statement whereupon the Board shall either confirm the complaint or advise as the case may be. A statement may be furnished at NY time on request but at the loaner's expense. 5. Where it is discovered that the loan was granted due to false information furnished by the loaned, the Board shall withhold release of the amount yet to be disbursed if any, besides subjecting the loaned to prosecution. . The Board shall engage agents (Banks) who shall be responsible for the disbursement of the loans as shall be advised by the Board from time to time. 7. The loaned shall keep the guarantor appraised of the principal loan awarded and in the event that there is a conflict, the amount as held by the Board will prevail. 8. Where there is default by the loaned, the guarantor shall be bound to repay the loan, interest thereon, penalties, costs and any other charges accruing to the loan. 9.The loan shall be due for repayment one year after completion of the course studied or within such period as the Board may decide to recall 10. The loan shall be repaid by monthly installments or by any other convenient mode of repayment as shall be directed by the Board but subject to the provisions of the Higher Education Loans Board Act. 11. If the loaned defaults in the re payment of the loan when the loan is due, the whole amount shall be due and payable and the Anne shall be bound to pay other charges that may arise as a result of the default including but not limited to the Advocates fees and penalties. 2. The Board shall charge a penalty of Kiss. 5,OHO per month on any account that is in default. 13. Non demand for loan repayment and the accruing charges shall not in any way signify waiver of any amount rightfully due under the terms and conditions of the loan. 14. The applicant hereby consents that the Board shall share information pertaining to the loan account with credit reference bureaus or any other parties as deemed necessary. 15. The Board shall effect credit protection arrangement of the loan at the expense of the loaned. 16.In the event that the applicant receives additional finance assistance from any other source and the need to refund by the university arises such refund shall be made to the Board and the same shall be utilized toward s reducing or offsetting the loan. 17. No loan shall be disbursed unless this agreement form is signed. 18. The signature of the loaned shall certify the reading, understanding and being in agreement with the terms and conditions herein including certification. Loaner's Signature Authorized Signature(HELL) Date: 14/04/2011

Texting vs. Calling

â€Å"Texting vs. Calling† The evolution of cell phones has changed the world socially. The creation of cell phones began in the 1840s, but the first phone did not come out publically until 1977 (â€Å"Cell Phones†). Majority of people today could not go a day without their phones. Now that phones are more portable, lighter, smaller, and easier to use, more and more people are upgrading and getting newer phones. Since the 1990s, cell phones have added new features to expand the way we communicate with others.With the new cell phones today, a person can do more than just make phone calls, he or she can text, instant message, and send emails. The two most common forms of communication through a cell phone are making a phone call and texting. Despite the fact that texting and calling have many similarities, they have many differences. Texting is when a person types a short message on a cell phone and sends it to another person with a cell phone. Texting allows more conveni ence because it is a faster way to get in touch with someone.There are a lot of people who will not even call on their phones, but will respond to a text immediately. Texting is more private. When a person is in a public place, he or she will not disturb others and no one would know what his or her conversation is about. An individual can also send a picture through a text. For example, instead of describing an item over the phone, a person can send a picture. We can see many useful things that texting bring to us. While texting, we can think clearly before we intend to say something.Once a person says something while on the phone, it is out in the open and he or she cannot take it back. While texting give us some time to consider carefully before saying what we think. This can cause less drama and fights. It is also more difficult to start a conversation by calling every time. Sometimes, texting will be good for explaining or saying sorry. Having conversations can either push peopl e apart or bring people together. Depending on how a person says it and what kind of tone he or she uses, results in the way others may react.As if cell phones weren’t already pricey enough, the cost to have text messaging and calling features can put a dent in his or her pocket. That brings up another difference between texting and calling. Texting on the mobile phone is less costly than calling. Students and younger teenagers prefer paying for text messages rather than phone calls, especially when they’re low on money and do not have a job. Unless a person has unlimited texting, it can range from ten cents up to about twenty-five cents a message. Calling can be between one dollar to a dollar and twenty-five cents.It all depends on the phone plan he or she chooses, but the cost of calling is still more than the cost of text messaging. Even when researching the statistics of calling and texting, people can come to the conclusion that more cell phone users choose textin g over calling. More and more people agree that texting is more fun and easier than calling. All of this texting activity has come at the expense of voice. Last year, teens texted instead of calling because it was fun. Now, more teens consider texting faster and easier than calling.Voice activity has decreased fourteen percent among teens, who average 646 minutes talking on the phone per month. Many adults over the age of fifty-five, on the other hand, prefer to talk instead of text. It is said that they communicate by calling more than teens do. If it seems like American teens are texting all the time, it’s probably because on average they’re sending or receiving 3,339 texts a month. It’s amazing at how many people use texting more than calling, but sometimes calling can do more than texting can. Texting can be short and sweet; however, most people think calling is more meaningful.Someone can pick up the phone, and say, â€Å"I love you, mom† or â€Å"I will have dinner at home, Dad. † Just by hearing his or her voice, the parent will feel more satisfied compared to reading a text message. By calling, cell phone users can talk with their friends comfortably and transfer their emotions to their friends naturally. Although both have their own value, I believe that calling makes people closer than texting. Besides, people just call for 911. If they try texting a message to 911, it won’t quite work out like they thought. I will say that some messages you shouldn’t reply to.Some messages are sent just to deliver information that the receiver needs to complete a task or something simple as a greeting or a farewell. Also think about the elderly, they are not used to the new technology that the new mobile devices offer, so most likely text messaging will be out of the question for them. A lot of elderly people have bad vision and won’t quite understand the different options and menus that a new mobile device has to offer. The simple task of texting could take them up to thirty or more minutes, and I’m sure this will become very aggravating.Cell phones can be very distracting. Both texting and calling while driving are dangerous, but texting is absolutely unacceptable and more likely to cause accidents. Cell phone users have to look down at the phone to text and call. While making a phone call, it takes less time to dial a number than it does to type out a sentence. Texting causes drivers to focus more on what a text message says rather than worrying about driving. Phone calls require drivers to focus on the phone to dial a number, but it’s not nearly as distracting as texting.Overall, there are different aspects to look at when choosing whether to call or text, but both are great ways to communicate through a cell phone. A text or call can let people know they are being thought about and send out a bit of emotion. They both have many similarities and differences, but I believ e the differences overcome the similarities and are more important. Works Cited â€Å"Cell Phones. † Cell Phone History. N. p. , 2008. Web. 03 Oct. 2012. <http://cellphones. org/cell-phone-history. html>. Texting vs. Calling â€Å"Texting vs. Calling† The evolution of cell phones has changed the world socially. The creation of cell phones began in the 1840s, but the first phone did not come out publically until 1977 (â€Å"Cell Phones†). Majority of people today could not go a day without their phones. Now that phones are more portable, lighter, smaller, and easier to use, more and more people are upgrading and getting newer phones. Since the 1990s, cell phones have added new features to expand the way we communicate with others.With the new cell phones today, a person can do more than just make phone calls, he or she can text, instant message, and send emails. The two most common forms of communication through a cell phone are making a phone call and texting. Despite the fact that texting and calling have many similarities, they have many differences. Texting is when a person types a short message on a cell phone and sends it to another person with a cell phone. Texting allows more conveni ence because it is a faster way to get in touch with someone.There are a lot of people who will not even call on their phones, but will respond to a text immediately. Texting is more private. When a person is in a public place, he or she will not disturb others and no one would know what his or her conversation is about. An individual can also send a picture through a text. For example, instead of describing an item over the phone, a person can send a picture. We can see many useful things that texting bring to us. While texting, we can think clearly before we intend to say something.Once a person says something while on the phone, it is out in the open and he or she cannot take it back. While texting give us some time to consider carefully before saying what we think. This can cause less drama and fights. It is also more difficult to start a conversation by calling every time. Sometimes, texting will be good for explaining or saying sorry. Having conversations can either push peopl e apart or bring people together. Depending on how a person says it and what kind of tone he or she uses, results in the way others may react.As if cell phones weren’t already pricey enough, the cost to have text messaging and calling features can put a dent in his or her pocket. That brings up another difference between texting and calling. Texting on the mobile phone is less costly than calling. Students and younger teenagers prefer paying for text messages rather than phone calls, especially when they’re low on money and do not have a job. Unless a person has unlimited texting, it can range from ten cents up to about twenty-five cents a message. Calling can be between one dollar to a dollar and twenty-five cents.It all depends on the phone plan he or she chooses, but the cost of calling is still more than the cost of text messaging. Even when researching the statistics of calling and texting, people can come to the conclusion that more cell phone users choose textin g over calling. More and more people agree that texting is more fun and easier than calling. All of this texting activity has come at the expense of voice. Last year, teens texted instead of calling because it was fun. Now, more teens consider texting faster and easier than calling.Voice activity has decreased fourteen percent among teens, who average 646 minutes talking on the phone per month. Many adults over the age of fifty-five, on the other hand, prefer to talk instead of text. It is said that they communicate by calling more than teens do. If it seems like American teens are texting all the time, it’s probably because on average they’re sending or receiving 3,339 texts a month. It’s amazing at how many people use texting more than calling, but sometimes calling can do more than texting can. Texting can be short and sweet; however, most people think calling is more meaningful.Someone can pick up the phone, and say, â€Å"I love you, mom† or â€Å"I will have dinner at home, Dad. † Just by hearing his or her voice, the parent will feel more satisfied compared to reading a text message. By calling, cell phone users can talk with their friends comfortably and transfer their emotions to their friends naturally. Although both have their own value, I believe that calling makes people closer than texting. Besides, people just call for 911. If they try texting a message to 911, it won’t quite work out like they thought. I will say that some messages you shouldn’t reply to.Some messages are sent just to deliver information that the receiver needs to complete a task or something simple as a greeting or a farewell. Also think about the elderly, they are not used to the new technology that the new mobile devices offer, so most likely text messaging will be out of the question for them. A lot of elderly people have bad vision and won’t quite understand the different options and menus that a new mobile device has to offer. The simple task of texting could take them up to thirty or more minutes, and I’m sure this will become very aggravating.Cell phones can be very distracting. Both texting and calling while driving are dangerous, but texting is absolutely unacceptable and more likely to cause accidents. Cell phone users have to look down at the phone to text and call. While making a phone call, it takes less time to dial a number than it does to type out a sentence. Texting causes drivers to focus more on what a text message says rather than worrying about driving. Phone calls require drivers to focus on the phone to dial a number, but it’s not nearly as distracting as texting.Overall, there are different aspects to look at when choosing whether to call or text, but both are great ways to communicate through a cell phone. A text or call can let people know they are being thought about and send out a bit of emotion. They both have many similarities and differences, but I believ e the differences overcome the similarities and are more important. Works Cited â€Å"Cell Phones. † Cell Phone History. N. p. , 2008. Web. 03 Oct. 2012. <http://cellphones. org/cell-phone-history. html>.

Examine The Advantages Some Sociologists May Finds When Using Participant Observation

Participant observation is where the researcher joins the group or community they are studying, the researcher will participate in the activities over a period of time, to do this, the researcher attempts to become accepted in order to collect more valid research and to try and see the world in the way the group does. There are two types of participant observation, Covert and Overt.Covert participant observation is where the researcher will take an undercover role in order to do research into the group they wish to study, there is normally a ‘gate keeper’ within this group that knows the researcher is there to do research, the gate keeper helps get them into the group to do this research. Overt participant observation is where the researcher takes a more open role; they openly ask the group if they will allow the researcher to study them.Interpretivists prefer participant observations as they argue that it’s the most effective way to understand the meanings people give on certain things, they also prefer it as there is a greater chance of developing their understanding further by verstehen. An advantage of covert participant observation could be that more valid research will be gained as they study is true to life when compared to overt research. With overt participant observation there can be a risk of less valid data due to the Hawthorne Effect; this is where the presence of the researcher can affect the way the participants behave.With both covert and overt participant observations rapports can be made which may lead to more valid data and data that is normally hard to reach as the group that the researcher is studying will begin to trust them. However, this can take time and can be less practical. An example of this is Eileen Barker’s study on the Unification Church, she studied the ‘Moonie’s’ over 7 years, gaining the trust of the participants, who soon saw her as a friend, thus enabling her to gain more valid and truthful research.By doing this, Barker gained verstehen meaning she could understand the feelings of the people she was studying, empathising with them; as a result she developed a further understanding of their way of life. Other practical issues with covert participant observation are that it can be hard to find a gate keeper to let the researcher into the group. Both covert and overt research are very time consuming and cost a lot, so the study must be worth the time of studying.Both covert and overt observations can be low in reliability as they are hard to replicate and get consistent results. Researchers may remember and interpret things differently thus reducing the reliability of the research even further. This tends to be more of a disadvantage with covert research as they are unable to write down everything the group being studied says as it will risk their cover and could ruin the research.With an overt role, this can be avoided as they are able to take notes in the open, and can use different types of methods such as interviews or questionnaires. Covert participant observation tends to be more unethical than overt participant observation as the researcher doesn’t ask the group for consent thus deceiving the group, the researcher may take part in illegal acts in order to maintain cover, an example of this is Patrick, he studied a gang in Glasgow over four months, during his time in the gang he was required to partake in burglaries to keep the trust of the gang.To prevent this, researchers may want to take more of an overt role, which means they have an honest and open role within the group, meaning there is no deception and they won’t have to take part in illegal acts. Positivists don’t like participant observation as it’s hard for them to gather quantitative data, so they aren’t able to generalise or see patterns or trends.

Big Tobacco Sues Feds over Graphic Warnings on Cigarette Labels Research Paper

Big Tobacco Sues Feds over Graphic Warnings on Cigarette Labels - Research Paper Example Congress, 2009). Till 1996, the FDA has no vital role to play as far as the regulation of tobacco products is concerned. It was then controlled through an array of state and congressional legislation. In most of the US States, statues deal with the issue of selling the tobacco products to minors and licensing for its distributions to retailers. In the year 1950, all states had put the ban on sale of tobacco products to minors at that time purchase age varied from state to state (U.S. Congress, 2009). The law in vogue impressed upon the large size tobacco manufacturing companies to disclose publically all the ingredients used in the cigarette manufacturing process. It should also highlight the poisonous contents used in it. The company should refrain from using the mild words just as light or ultra light to dispel the impression of its harm on human body. The bill in force makes the cigarette manufacturers accountable on wooing the adults and children to become addiction of smoking (U .S. Congress, 2009). In the eyes of critics, the promulgated act is effectuate in the sense that it can reduce the nicotine level in the cigarette to some extend rather than wipe it out completely. The affordable level of nicotine may encourage smokers to smoke more. Market restrictions definitely put the hurdles to find out the smoking alternatives to smoke cigarette. In FDA v Brown & Williamson case, the Supreme Court of United States of America held that since the congress had not delegated the authority to FDA to control the damages arising out of the use of tobacco products, therefore to fill the gap and to ensure effective control, Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act came into being. Secondly the former American Administration over acted the delegated power of congress in this respect. As per the Senate bill, health-warning label should cover fifty percent of front and back portions of the package. The word warning thereon should be in capital letter. The number of opposition members in the Senate largely hailing from tobacco cultivating states, supported the ongoing move to discourage the smoking in spite of the facts that they have deep roots in the tobacco industry. In the larger national interest they are ready to afford the financial losses to keep away their children and adults from the bad habits of smoking (Gifford, 2010). In order to have an effective control over the damages of human health they have suggested the following measures to be implemented (U.S. Congress, 2009): 1. FDA should have tobacco control centers at its disposal to regulate the substance, marketing and sale of tobacco products. 2. Importers and tobacco companies should reveal the ingredients of their existing products and get approval from FDA. Approval for any new tobacco product should also be sought from the same authority. 3. FDA should have the authority to change the tobacco substance in any product to lessen could be damages on the body of its users. 4. I t should shun the application of sugar coated definition cigarette, which is contrary to section 3(1) of the Federal Cigarette Labeling and Advertising Act (Connolly, 2004). New rules are to be introduced to prevent sales through direct channel or to conduct between retailer and consumer in order to curb the eye catching advertising campaign,

Whistleblower Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Whistleblower - Assignment Example relevant educational qualification and professional skills that will enable him/her differentiate wrong doing from what is expected of everyone (Alford, 2001). Further, whistleblowers are often guided by their beliefs and attitude thus they cannot be compromised by anything or anyone to abduct their noble mission of revealing wrongdoing or misconduct in organization to the general public or authorities (Westman & Modesitt, 2004). A whistle blower should be uninterested in altering his/her behaviour this is due to the fact that on the pursuit of exposing influential people he/she may be enticed with goodies to desist from his/her mission. Thus, a whistleblower should be firm to his/her behaviour of raising a red flag whenever something wrong is done within the organization. Whistleblowers are utilitarian in nature in that their actions are selfless and seek to provide good for the greatest number of people. Their actions are not for individual benefit but rather are meant to reap benefits for the general public (Alford, 2001). Clifford Jagodozinsk, an ex-employee of Morgan Stanley Barney LLC, decided to conduct a thorough investigation into the business conduct of one of the highly rated broker for the company. That broker had been recently hired having worked for the Bank of America for close to thirty years. On completion of the investigation, Jagodozinsk found that that broker was involved in churning preferred securities. He had made hundred thousands of dollars as a result of those illegal activities despite his actions being of minimal or loss to his clients. On reporting internally the findings of his investigation Jagodozinsk was pressured to drop the case, but he decided to report the matter externally (Alford, 2001). In a span of three weeks Jagodozinsk reported several breaches of law within the organization including; improper trading, drug abuse and failure to register home offices as workstations. This lead to him being relieved his duties at the

Computer security proposal report Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Computer security proposal report - Assignment Example In simple words, computer security is the way of securing and identifying unlawful or illegal use of personal computer. In this scenario, there are a large number of prevention tools and techniques that help stop illegal users (as well recognized as "intruders") from getting access to any part of a computer system. In addition, detection allows us to find out whether or not someone has tried to force an entry our system, or they were successful, as well as what they may have access from the system (Armor2net Software Ltd.; Red Hat ®, Inc. ; Jaeger). The basic purpose of my research is to discuss computer security issues and their solutions. In this scenario, this paper outlines the plan for the overall research. The basic purpose of this research is to identify the latest security threats. This research will also discuss solutions that can be adopted by business organizations and individuals to deal with these security threats. The concept of computer security is not a new idea. It has been under discussion for a long time and its history can be traced back to the first use of the computer system. Up till now, computer security has remained a serious challenge for the business organizations as well as individuals. I have been excited to learn about what actually computer security is? My interest lies in exploring some of the serious computer security issues that cause serious challenges for computer users. I also want to explore security solutions that can be adopted to deal with these issues. The primary source of data collection would be the Internet. I would research on the internet and would get information from different journals and articles to recognize the latest security issues and solutions. I will also conduct surveys and interviews from the people who have suffered from these security threats. The basic purpose of these interviews and surveys would be to analyze some common trends and problems. The examples of these sources could

Finance Policy and Practise Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Finance Policy and Practise - Essay Example The LTV ratio is used to determine whether the borrower is likely to default. A borrower who is considered rational is likely to default when the value of the collateral falls below the value of the loan by an amount which equates to the net cost of the transactions such as relocation expenses, future payments for being deficient and the stigma attached to the situation (Crawford and Rosenblatt 1995, cited in Qi and Yang 2009). There are various ways in which a bank such as VB may become exposed to default and these are matters to be discussed. 1.1 Assessment of Estimated Property Values In assessing the value of a property and the annual rental price a number of formulas are used. The gross rent yield and the price/rent ratio are very useful formulas. Global Property Guide (2012) indicates that the gross rental yield on UK properties is 3.43% and the price rent ratio is 29 yrs. The price/rent ratio was used to calculate the property values and the gross rental yield was used to calc ulate the rental. ... -to-value (LTV) ratios and interest cover (the number of times interest is covered by rental income) will be used to assess Virtual Bank’s existing property loan portfolio. 2.1 Loan-to-Value Ratio The loan-to-value (LTV) ratio is the standard risk measure that is used by lending institutions to analyse the risk attached to their loan portfolio. The formula for calculating LTV is: current value of property/loan. LTVs are rated as high, moderate or low. LTV’s in excess of 80% are considered high, 60 to 80% moderate and below 60% low. The information on sheet 1 shows that the LTV ratios after the revaluation are between 15.8% and 52.9%. This means that loans are properly secured and so VB faces no major risks as borrowers are not likely to default under the current valuation. 2.2 Assessment of Interest Cover The interest cover represents the number of times interest is covered by the operating profit from the property. The formula is operating profit before interest and ta x (PBIT)/interest expenses. Interest cover of 3 times or more are generally considered acceptable while 2 times and under are considered low (BPP 2009). The information on the spreadsheet labelled Sheet 3 indicates that the interest cover for all but three (3) loans is in the acceptable range of between 3 and 16 times. However, the loans to Plane (5,100), Russet (4,000), and Pearmain (8,000) show interest cover of 2.4, 2.1 and 2.5 respectively. These loans represent 4% ((17,100/428,448)*100) of the total loans drawn. This is a small percentage and there is no cause for a major concern because the interest cover although not in the acceptable region is still above 2. 3.0 Strategy for risk reduction The overall risk on the loan portfolio is considered low. However, there are some strategies that can be

Summary and critical analysis of an article i will attach Assignment

Summary and critical analysis of an article i will attach - Assignment Example Miller further asserts that Target meets the needs of its guests by striving to invest in new product development and conducting brand research. Target’s efforts in achieving the best quality have made it a weekly destination for shoppers. The article further introduces Target and its private label brands, asserting that the Minneapolis-based store offers discounts to its guests in recession, making it a hit with customers. Target takes a non-traditional approach to take private label to a brand level. Target’s private label strategy revolves around consumer research, marketing through national ads and in-store displays, and strategic thinking. Jim Hertel, managing partner with Willard Bishop, asserts that Target focuses on its store image rather than price image, which increases its appeal for the consumers. This strategy makes Target work with the slogan of â€Å"Expect More, Pay Less†. In 2009, the company put off its label and bull’s eye image form the household items that the consumers considered as basic. However, it was accepted as a mistake because no other marketer was doing so, and the change was adjusted in the new up & up household products, which were launched in June 2009. But the Target brand name was replaced by the up & up line in these products. Target also promoted couponing in the up & up line that could be printed from the Web. This proved to be a good marketing idea. The couponing was targeted on baby wipes, which attracted the mothers’ interest. Target also moved upscale by marketing brands like Choxie chocolate line. It distinguished Market Pantry from Archer Farms. Target also faces some challenges like rolling out its PFresh food format across it store network. It has to spend more than $2 billion to refurbish 740 stores to make them incorporate the PFresh fresh products collection. The article is an excellent introduction to Target’s private label brands. It